Artificial ground freezing (AGF) is used worldwide for vertical shaft sinking in difficult hydrogeological conditions.The modern tendency is to determine the design parameters of the freezing technique based on numerical simulation.This work Face Masks is devoted to the numerical simulation of the formation of an ice-soil wall in the soil stratum due to the AGF and shaft sinking under the protection of the wall.For this purpose, a fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model of soil freezing has been developed on the basis of the theory of poromechanics.The developed model considers important features of the freezing process, such as the phase change, pore water migration due to cryogenic suction, frost heave, and consolidation of the soil.
The results have shown that the model allows to predict the distribution of ice content, assess stress and strain Laboratory Glassware and Plasticware - Tubes in the ice-soil wall, and estimate displacement of the excavation wall.